Vaporizing device for explosive-engines.



Patontad Feb. 26, I901.

C. E. DAWSON.

VAPDRIZING DEVICE FOR EXPLDSIVE ENGINES.

(Application filed Julv 10. 1909.)

(No Model.) I

A V II St atus PATENT Fries,

CHARLES ERNEST DAIVSON, OF OHISVVICK, ENGLAND.

VAPORlZlNG DEVlCE FOR EXPLOSlVE=ENGINES.

SFEGIFICATEON formingpart of Letters Patent No. 668,953, dated February 26, 1901.

Application filed July 10| 1900.

To all whom, it 771/CLY/ concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES ERNEST DAW- SON, a subject of the Queen of Great- Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Hogarth Works, Ohiswick, in the county of llliddlesex, England, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Oil-Engines, (for which I have made application for Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 22,636, dated November 13, 1899,) of which the followingis aspecification.

My invention relates to explosion oil-engines in which the combustible mixture is formed by vaporizing heavy oil, such as Royal Daylight and other lamp-oils.

The object of my invention is to provide a vaporizer which will not decompose the oil and produce tar, the vaporizer being heated during the running of the engine by heat obtained from the waste gases and the heat so obtained being carefully regulated by limiting conduction, so that the vaporizer is always kept at a low temperature sufficient for vaporizing, but not suflicient to cause destruct-ive distillation and the production of tar. I have found by experiment that exhaust-Vaporizers are very easily overheated, and I have so devised my new vaporizer that the heat reaching it from the exhaust never exceeds the amount necessary to vaporize and heat the oil and entering air charge to a temperature but little exceeding 212 Fahrenheit.

Referring now to the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure l is a vertical section through the center of my vaporizer. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same looking on the oilsupplydevice. Fig. 3 isa sectional plan of the vaporizer through the line 41:00.

In carrying my invention into effect I provide a vaporizer consisting of a vaporizerchamber a and oil-supply device I), the chamber a being connected by a metal web or feat-her c to an exhaust-pipe d. I preferably cast part of the exhaust-pipe d and vaporizerehamber Ct together, connecting the two, however, by this feather only, which serves to conduct heat from the exhaust to the vaporizer. The vaporizer-chamber a may be cylindrical in section, or it may be of any other convenient section. Moreover, it may be closed by a cover-plate e and divided into two or more parts to allow of ready access to the interior. I sometimes provide the chamber a Serial No. 23,150. (No model.)

and cover plate 6 with baffle-plates f to cause the air to pass over an extended surface, or I fill the vaporizer-space with coarse copper gauze h or some metallic conducting material having large surfaces and sufficient interstices to allow the discharge of oil and air. A combination of baffle-plates and gauze or other material may, however, be employed.

I provide the vaporizer-chamber a with a charge outlet-passage 7c, leading to the engine inlet-valve, the passage being controlled by a throttle-valve m.

Into the inlet-passagej I attach my oil-supply and air-admission device I). This consists of a small cylinder 17,, provided with wiregauze surfaces 0 0, through which the air is drawn. At the lower part of this cylinder '11- I provide a perforated disk p, loosely fitting and free to slide in the cylinder 'lb. It is pressed. upward layaspiral spring r. The disk 19 carries with it a pin q, one of whose ends. projects into a recess 25, bored in the end of a central oil-pipe u. The recess 15 is of somewhat larger diameter than the end 8 and the bore of the pipe to, so that a ball-valve o, slightly smaller in diameter than the recess 25, supported on the pin end 3, may when the springr presses the diskp and pin q upward be forced against a valve-face y at the upper end of the recess 15. The lower end of the pin q passes through a guidez and then through a hole in the bottom of the cylinder at.

The central oil-pipe u may be held in position by any suitable means-such as, for instance, by providing it with two small collars 2 and 3, one of which, 2, rests on a support 4:, secured to the cylinder at by arms 5 5, while the other collar, 3, is arranged so that on screwing a cap 6, provided with a support 7, similar to 4, into the cylinder n the pipe a is firmly held in the position shown in Fig. 1, while at the same time the wire-gauze partitions 0 are clamped between the supports 4 7 and the collars 2 3.

The pipe u is connected by any suitable means to an oil-supply pipe 8. I keep the petroleum-oil in the supply vessel under pressure of, say, twenty pounds per square inch above atmosphere. The spring '1" is suflicient to keep the ball-valve closed against this pressure. \Vhen, however, the engine makes its suction-stroke, it reduces the pressure within the vaporizer, the perforated disk 19 moves downward, the ball-valve 1) thus opens, and the oil is discharged on the perforated disk 19 and taken into the vaporizer with the airsupply. Here vaporization of the oil is partly effected by the heat and partly by the mixture being drawn through the wire-gauze h. The combustible mixture is now taken into the engine cylinder, compressed, and exploded under compression by the electric spark or other convenient means. I regulate theengine bythrottlingthe total charge. This is efiected by the throttle-valve m, which is closed or partly closed byagovernor or other means when the speed of the engine becomes excessive.

By connecting the exhaust-pipe to the vaporizer-chest by a rib only the heat-supply to the vaporizer is exactly proportioned tothe temperature of the gases passing through the exhaust-pipe. In this way, Whether running at light or heavy loads, just suflicient heat is always supplied to vaporize the oil and the temperature never rises so high as to produce tar.

atu re of the charge leaving the vaporizer never greatlyexceeds 212 Fahrenheit. Regulation of the rib-sectioirmay be effected by drilling,

holes 1 1 iii the rib or feather connecting the vaporizer and exhaust-pipe. At this tempera- I test the temperature of the entering. charge after it leaves the vaporizer, and I reg- I ulate the rib-section of metal between the eX- haust and the vaporizer so that the temper- I it with a little light oil, such as petrole, until the engine is warm. This light oil may be supplied by any suitable means-such as, for instance, bya pipe 12, led into the top of the oil-supply device I).

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination with the vaporizingchamber of an internalcombustion engine; of an exhaust-conduit adjacent to said chamber with a connecting heat-conducting web of reduced thickness extending longitudinally of said conduit and exposed for perforation, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination with the vaporizingchamber of an internal-combustion engine; of an air and oil-mixing chamber in connection at one end with said vaporizing-chamber and open at the other end for the admission of atmospheric air and having one or more supports centrally located with respect to said open end; an oil-supply pipe entering the latter and extending through said supports and having one or more collars to confront the latter; one or more perforated partitions extending across the air-entrance and around the said oil-pipe between the collars thereof and the supports; and a spring-pressed valve normally closing the oil-pipe.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES ERNEST DAWSON.

Witnesses:

ALBERT L. PARKER, JOHN B. CLEMENTS. 

